Aristotle
The Aristotle case introduces virtue ethics, which asks how we should live rather than only asking about which individual actions are right or wrong. Aristotle argued that a good human life requires virtues such as prudence, temperance, courage, and justice. These virtues are stable character traits that help a person act well across many different situations. Unlike utilitarianism, virtue ethics does not evaluate actions only by their consequences; and unlike Kantian duty ethics, it does not evaluate only by their intentions or moral rules. The main question of this case is whether engineers should think of ethics as a matter of character and professional formation, not just rule-following or outcome-calculation. This highlights the idea that good engineering requires not just technical skill, but also habits of judgement, courage, honesty, and practical wisdom.